Death of soliton trains in attractive Bose-Einstein condensates

Abstract

Experiments on ultra-cold attractive Bose-Einstein Condensates (BECs) have demonstrated that at low dimensions atomic clouds can form localized objects, propagating for long times without significant changes in their shapes and attributed to bright matter-wave solitons, which are coherent objects. We consider the dynamics of bright soliton trains from the perspective of many-boson physics. The fate of matter-wave soliton trains is actually to quickly loose their coherence and become macroscopically fragmented BECs. The death of the coherent matter-wave soliton trains gives birth to fragmented objects, whose quantum properties and experimental signatures differ substantially from what is currently assumed.

arXiv comment11 pages, 3 figures + supplemental material

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• Temperatures are not useful to characterise bright-soliton experiments for ultra-cold atoms