Acoustic white holes in flowing atomic Bose-Einstein condensates

Abstract

We study acoustic white holes in a steadily flowing atomic Bose-Einstein condensate. A white hole configuration is obtained when the flow velocity goes from a super-sonic value in the upstream region to a sub-sonic one in the downstream region. The scattering of phonon wavepackets on a white hole horizon is numerically studied in terms of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation of mean-field theory: dynamical stability of the acoustic white hole is found, as well as a signature of a nonlinear back-action of the incident phonon wavepacket onto the horizon. The correlation pattern of density fluctuations is numerically studied by means of the truncated-Wigner method which includes quantum fluctuations. Signatures of the white hole radiation of correlated phonon pairs by the horizon are characterized; analogies and differences with Hawking radiation from acoustic black holes are discussed. In particular, a short wavelength feature is identified in the density correlation function, whose amplitude steadily grows in time since the formation of the horizon. The numerical observations are quantitatively interpreted by means of an analytical Bogoliubov theory of quantum fluctuations for a white hole configuration within the step-like horizon approximation.

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• Understanding superradiant phenomena with synthetic vector potentials in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates
• The influence of spacetime curvature on quantum emission in optical analogues to gravity
• Confirmation of stimulated Hawking radiation, but not of black hole lasing
• Suppression of infrared instability in trans-sonic flows by condensation of zero-frequency short wave length phonons
• The BHL-BCL crossover: from nonlinear to linear quantum amplification
• Acoustic analogue of Hawking radiation in quantized circular superflows of Bose-Einstein condensates
• Logarithmic catastrophes and Stokes's phenomenon in waves at horizons
• Formation dynamics of black- and white-hole horizons in an analogue gravity model
• Acoustic pressure modulation driven by spatially non-uniform flow
• Amplitude modulation of acoustic waves in accelerating flows quantified using acoustic black and white hole analogues
• Density correlations from analogue Hawking radiation in the presence of atom losses
• The fine structure of the peaks of the correlation function in acoustic black holes: a complete analytical model
• Quantum backreaction in an analog black hole
• Acoustic Analogues of Extremal Rotating Black Holes in Exciton-Polariton Condensates
• The analog of the Hawking effect in BECs
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