Impact of a Liquid Drop on a Granular Medium: inertia, viscosity and surface tension effects on the drop deformation

Abstract

An experimental study of liquid drop impacts on a granular medium is proposed. Four fluids were used to vary physical properties: pure distilled water, water with glycerol at 2 concentrations 1:1 and 1:2 v/v and water with Tween 20 at the concentration of 0.1g/l. The drop free fall height was varied to obtain a Weber number (We) between 10 and 2000. Results showed that obtained crater morphologies highly depend on the impacting drop kinetic energy E_{K}. Different behaviours during the drop spreading, receding and absorption are highlighted as function of the fluids viscosity and surface tension. Experimental absorption times are also commented and compared with a simplified theoretical model. Drops maximal extensions and craters diameters were found to scale as $W{e}^{1/5}$ and $E_K^{1/5}$ respectively. In both cases, found dependencies are smaller than those reported in literature: $W{e}^{1/4}$ for drop impacts on solid or granular surfaces and $E_K^{1/4}$ for spherical solid impacts on granular media.

16 pages, 8 figures

References in corpus (5)

• Low-speed impact craters in loose granular media
• Liquid drop splashing on smooth, rough and textured surfaces
• Morphology Scaling of Drop Impact onto a Granular Layer
• Projectile interactions in granular impact cratering
• Length and time scales of a liquid drop impact and penetration into a granular layer

Cited by in corpus (5)

• Raindrop impact on sand: a dynamic explanation of crater morphologies
• Crater formation during raindrop impact on sand
• Impact cratering in sand: Comparing solid and liquid intruders
• Cold granular targets slow the bulk freezing of an impacting droplet
• Corona splashing triggered by a loose monolayer of particles