Vortex Nucleation Induced Phonon Radiation from a Moving Electron Bubble in Superfluid 4He

Abstract

We construct an efficient zero-temperature semi-local density functional to dynamically simulate an electron bubble passing through superfluid 4He under various pressures and electric fields up to nanosecond timescale. Our simulated drift velocity can be quantitatively compared to experiments particularly when pressure approaches zero. We find that the high-speed bubble experiences remarkable expansion and deformation before vortex nucleation occurs. Accompanied by vortex-ring shedding, drastic surface vibration is generated leading to intense phonon radiation into the liquid. The amount of energy dissipated by these phonons is found to be greater than the amount carried away solely by the vortex rings. These results may enrich our understanding about the vortex nucleation induced energy dissipation in this fascinating system.

7 pages, 5 figures

References in corpus (4)

• Vortex nucleation by collapsing bubbles in Bose-Einstein condensates
• Density pattern in supercritical flow of liquid He-4
• Dynamics of liquid He-4 in confined geometries from Time-Dependent Density Functional calculations
• Evolution of the excited electron bubble in liquid 4He and the appearance of fission-like processes

Cited by in corpus (7)

• Density Functional Theory of doped superfluid liquid helium and nanodroplets
• Excited electron-bubble states in superfluid helium-4: a time-dependent density functional approach
• Vortex Nucleation Limited Mobility of Free Electron Bubbles in the Gross-Pitaevskii Model of a Superfluid
• The onset of nanoscale dissipation in superfluid He-4 at zero temperature: the role of vortex shedding and cavitation
• Critical velocity, vortex shedding and drag in a unitary Fermi superfluid
• Density functional theory modeling of vortex shedding in superfluid He-4
• Simulating Quantum Turbulence with Matrix Product States