Concepts of alpha-particle condensation

Abstract

Certain aspects of the recently proposed antisymmetrised alpha particle product state wave function, or THSR alpha cluster wave function, for the description of the ground state in 8Be, the Hoyle state in 12C, and analogous states in heavier nuclei, are elaborated in detail. For instance, the influence of antisymmetrisation in the Hoyle state on the bosonic character of the alpha particles is studied carefully. It is shown to be weak, so that bosonic aspects are predominant. The de Broglie wave length of alpha particles in the Hoyle state is shown to be much larger than the inter-alpha distance. It is pointed out that the bosonic features of low density alpha gas states have measurable consequences, one of which, that is enhanced multi-alpha decay properties, likely already have been detected. Consistent with experiment, the width of the proposed analogue to the Hoyle state in 16O at the excitation energy of E_x=15.1 MeV is estimated to be very small (34 keV), lending credit to the existence of heavier Hoyle-like states. The intrinsic single boson density matrix of a self-bound Bose system can, under physically desirable boundary conditions, be defined unambiguously. One eigenvalue then separates out, being close to the number of alpha's in the system. Differences between Brink and THSR alpha cluster wave functions are worked out. No cluster model of the Brink type can describe the Hoyle state with a single configuration. On the contrary, many superpositions of the Brink type are necessary, implying delocalisation towards an alpha product state. It is shown that single alpha particle orbits in condensates of different nuclei are almost the same. It is thus argued that alpha particle antisymmetrised product states of the THSR type are a very promising novel and useful concept in nuclear physics.

16 pages, 14 figures, to appear in PRC

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Cited by in corpus (61)

• Microscopic Clustering in Light Nuclei
• The BCS-BEC crossover: From ultra-cold Fermi gases to nuclear systems
• Evidence for Triangular D_3h Symmetry in 12C
• Unambiguous Identification of the Second 2+ State in 12C and the Structure of the Hoyle State
• Nonlocalized Clustering: A New Concept in Nuclear Cluster Structure Physics
• Comparing and contrasting nuclei and cold atomic gases
• Status of Alpha-Particle Condensate Structure of the Hoyle State
• High precision probe of the fully sequential decay width of the Hoyle state in ${}^{12}$C
• Hoyle band and $\alpha$ condensation in ${}^{12}\mathrm{C}$
• Alpha particle clusters and their condensation in nuclear systems
• Hidden-charm and bottom meson-baryon molecules coupled with five-quark states
• One-dimensional $\alpha$ condensation of $\alpha$-linear-chain states in ${}^{12}\mathrm{C}$ and ${}^{16}\mathrm{O}$
• Nonlocalized cluster dynamics and nuclear molecular structure
• The Algebraic Cluster Model: Structure of 16O
• Microscopic study of 4-alpha-particle condensation with proper treatment of resonances
• $\alpha +\alpha +t$ cluster structures and Hoyle-analogue states in ${}^{11}$B
• Localization and clustering in the nuclear Fermi liquid
• Cluster structure of light nuclei
• Experimental investigation of $\alpha$-condensation in light nuclei
• Nonlocalized Clustering and Evolution of Cluster Structure in Nuclei
• Container evolution for cluster structures in ${}^{16}\mathrm{O}$
• Nuclear Alpha-Particle Condensates
• Characterization of the proposed 4-α cluster state candidate in 16O
• Monopole excitation of the Hoyle state and linear-chain state in 12C
• A stringent upper limit on the direct 3$\alpha$ decay of the Hoyle State in ${}^{12}$C
• Alpha-cluster Condensations in Nuclei and Experimental Approaches for their Studies
• Container structure of alpha alpha Lambda clusters in ${}_{\Lambda }^9$Be
• Multi-cluster dynamics in ${}_{\Lambda }^{13}\mathrm{C}$ and analogy to clustering in ${}^{12}\mathrm{C}$
• Gas-like state of $\alpha$ clusters around ${}^{16}$O core in ${}^{24}$Mg
• Dineutron formation and breaking in ${}^8$He
• Hindrance of the excitation of the Hoyle state and the ghost of the $2_2^{+}$ state in ${}^{12}$C
• Investigation of the 9B nucleus and its cluster-nucleon correlations
• Folding model analysis of the inelastic $\alpha {+}^{12}$C scattering at medium energies, and the isoscalar transition strengths of the cluster states of ${}^{12}$C
• Analysis of delocalization of clusters in linear-chain $\alpha$-cluster states with entanglement entropy
• How bosonic is a pair of fermions?
• Open Problems in $\alpha$ Particle Condensation
• Resonant and Scattering States in the $\alpha +\alpha$ System from the Non-Localized Cluster Model
• Optimization of basis functions for the multi-configuration mixing using the Replica Exchange Monte-Carlo method and its application to ${}^{12}$C
• Geometrical symmetries of nuclear systems: D(3h) and T(d) symmetries in light nuclei
• Cluster-Daughter Overlap as a New Probe of Alpha-Cluster Formation in Medium-Mass and Heavy Even-Even Nuclei
• Three triton states in 9Li
• Search for three alpha states around an ${}^{16}$O core in ${}^{28}$Si
• Analytical approach for the Quartet Condensation Model
• Bose-Einstein condensate of alpha particles in the ground state of nuclear matter?
• 2alpha+t cluster feature of $3/2_3^{-}$ state in ${}^{11}$B
• Alpha-clustered hypernuclei and chiral SU(3) dynamics
• Investigation of the pairing effect in 10B nucleus compared with 10Be and 10C nuclei by using the extended THSR wave function
• Supersolidity of the $\alpha$ cluster structure in the nucleus ${}^{12}$C
• Description of $\alpha$-cluster tail in ${}^8$Be and ${}^{20}$Ne: Delocalization of $\alpha$ cluster because of quantum penetration
• Entanglement entropy and Schmidt number as measures of delocalization of $\alpha$ clusters in one-dimensional nuclear systems
• The MC-QTAIM: A framework for extending the atoms in molecules analysis beyond purely electronic systems
• Signatures of $\alpha$-clustering in ${}^{12}$C and ${}^{13}$C
• Unified description of pairing and quarteting correlations within the particle-hole-boson approach
• Symmetries and order in cluster nuclei
• Shape of 12C
• Electromagnetic transitions in the algebraic cluster model
• Ginzburg-Landau Formalism for 2n-Body Condensation
• Polaronic neutron in dilute alpha matter: A $p$-wave Bose polaron
• Bose-Einstein condensation in finite drops of alpha particles
• The ${}^8$Be nucleus and the Hoyle state in dissociation of relativistic nuclei
• Geometric symmetries in light nuclei