Three-dimensional jamming and flows of soft glassy materials

Abstract

Various disordered dense systems such as foams, gels, emulsions and colloidal suspensions, exhibit a jamming transition from a liquid state (they flow) to a solid state below a yield stress. Their structure, thoroughly studied with powerful means of 3D characterization, exhibits some analogy with that of glasses which led to call them soft glassy materials. However, despite its importance for geophysical and industrial applications, their rheological behavior, and its microscopic origin, is still poorly known, in particular because of its nonlinear nature. Here we show from two original experiments that a simple 3D continuum description of the behaviour of soft glassy materials can be built. We first show that when a flow is imposed in some direction there is no yield resistance to a secondary flow: these systems are always unjammed simultaneously in all directions of space. The 3D jamming criterion appears to be the plasticity criterion encountered in most solids. We also find that they behave as simple liquids in the direction orthogonal to that of the main flow; their viscosity is inversely proportional to the main flow shear rate, as a signature of shear-induced structural relaxation, in close similarity with the structural relaxations driven by temperature and density in other glassy systems.

http://www.nature.com/nmat/journal/v9/n2/abs/nmat2615.html

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• Linear Viscoelasticity of Soft Glassy Materials
• Shear Mediated Elongational Flow and Yielding in Soft Glassy Materials
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• Oscillations of small bubbles and medium yielding in elastoviscoplastic fluids
• Rheology of dense suspensions under shear rotation
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• Mechanical Responses and Stress Fluctuations of a Supercooled Liquid in a Sheared Non-Equilibrium State
• Three Dimensional Flow of Colloidal Glasses
• Three-Dimensional Yielding in Anisotropic Materials: Validation of Hill Criterion
• Amino acid-driven hydrophobization of alumina and production of particle stabilised foams in a broader pH range
• Plastic or Viscous? A Reappraisal of Yielding in Soft Matter