Crystalline electric field effects in Ce 3$d$ core-level spectra of heavy-fermion systems: Hard X-ray photoemission spectroscopy on CeNi${}_{1-x}$Co${}_x$Ge${}_2$

Abstract

High-resolution hard X-ray photoemission measurements have been performed to clarify the electronic structure originating from the strong correlation between electrons in bulk Ce 3$d$ core-level spectra of CeNi${}_{1-x}$Co${}_x$Ge${}_2$ (0 $\le$ $x$ $\le$ 1). In the Ce 3$d_{5/2}$ core-level spectra, the variation of satellite structures ($f^2$ peaks) shows that the hybridization strength between Ce 4$f$- and conduction electrons gradually increases with Co concentration in good agreement with the results of Ce 3$d-4f$ and 4$d-4f$ resonant photoemission spectroscopies. Particularly, in Ce 3$d_{3/2}$ core-level spectra, the multiplet structures of $f^1$ peaks systematically change with the degeneracy of $f$-states which originates from crystalline electric field effects.

10 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Physical Review B

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