Effective Potential for Complex Langevin Equations
arXiv:0902.1503 · doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysb.2009.06.016
Abstract
We construct an effective potential for the complex Langevin equation on a lattice. We show that the minimum of this effective potential gives the space-time and Langevin time average of the complex Langevin field. The loop expansion of the effective potential is matched with the derivative expansion of the associated Schwinger-Dyson equation to predict the stationary distribution to which the complex Langevin equation converges.
23 pages, 2 figures
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