Gauge invariant averages for the cosmological backreaction

Abstract

We show how to provide suitable gauge invariant prescriptions for the classical spatial averages (resp. quantum expectation values) that are needed in the evaluation of classical (resp. quantum) backreaction effects. We also present examples illustrating how the use of gauge invariant prescriptions can avoid interpretation problems and prevent misleading conclusions.

21 pages, no figures. Comments and references added, typos corrected. Small corrections and reference added, matches version published in JCAP

References in corpus (6)

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• Can infrared gravitons screen $\Lambda$?
• Cosmic Inhomogeneities and the Average Cosmological Dynamics
• Second Order Gauge-Invariant Perturbations during Inflation
• Back-reaction of Cosmological Fluctuations during Power-Law Inflation
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• The cosmological backreaction: gauge (in)dependence, observers and scalars
• Late time anisotropy as an imprint of cosmological backreaction
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• Tensor Mode Backreaction During Slow-roll Inflation
• The skewness of the distance-redshift relation in $\Lambda$CDM
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• An Almost-FLRW Universe as the Averaged Geometry in Macroscopic Gravity
• Cosmological perturbations on an averaged background
• Nonlinear Lattice Framework for Inflation: Bridging stochastic inflation and the $\delta N$ formalism