Varying-Alpha Cosmologies with Potentials

Abstract

We generalize the Bekenstein-Sandvik-Barrow-Magueijo (BSBM) model for the variation of the fine structure 'constant', $\alpha ,$ to include an exponential or inverse power-law self-potential for the scalar field which drives the time variation of $\alpha$, and consider the dynamics of $\varphi$ in such models. We find solutions for the evolution of $\varphi$ or $\alpha$ in matter-, radiation- and dark-energy-dominated cosmic eras. In general, the evolution of $\varphi$ is well determined solely by either the self-potential or the coupling to matter, depending on the model parameters. The results are general and applicable to other models where the evolution of a scalar field is governed by a matter coupling and a self-potential. We find that the existing astronomical data stringently constrains the possible evolution of $\alpha$ between redshifts $z\simeq 1-3.5$ and the present, and this leads to very strong limit on the allowed deviation of the potential from that of a pure cosmological constant.

16 pages, 10 figures, 1 table

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