Quantum Entangled Dark Solitons Formed by Ultracold Atoms in Optical Lattices

Abstract

Inspired by experiments on Bose-Einstein condensates in optical lattices, we study the quantum evolution of dark soliton initial conditions in the context of the Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian. An extensive set of quantum measures is utilized in our analysis, including von Neumann and generalized quantum entropies, quantum depletion, and the pair correlation function. We find that quantum effects cause the soliton to fill in. Moreover, soliton-soliton collisions become inelastic, in strong contrast to the predictions of mean-field theory. These features show that the lifetime and collision properties of dark solitons in optical lattices provide clear signals of quantum effects.

4 pages, 4 figures; version appearing in PRL, only minor changes from v3

References in corpus (6)

• Quantum phase transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator in a gas of ultracold atoms
• Real time evolution using the density matrix renormalization group
• Oscillations and interactions of dark and dark-bright solitons in Bose-Einstein condensates
• Quench dynamics and non equilibrium phase diagram of the Bose-Hubbard model
• Experimental observation of oscillating and interacting matter wave dark solitons
• Dark soliton dynamics in Bose-Einstein condensates at finite temperature

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