Probing the ground state in gauge theories

Abstract

We consider two very different models of the flux tube linking two heavy quarks: a string linking the matter fields and a Coulombic description of two separately gauge invariant charges. We compare how close they are to the unknown true ground state in compact U(1) and the SU(2) Higgs model. Simulations in compact U(1) show that the string description is better in the confined phase but the Coulombic description is best in the deconfined phase; the last result is shown to agree with analytical calculations. Surprisingly in the non-abelian theory the Coulombic description is better in both the Higgs and confined phases. This indicates a significant difference in the width of the flux tubes in the two theories.

13 pages, 10 .eps figures. V2: conclusions extended

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• Inhomogeneous superconductivity in organic conductors: role of disorder and magnetic field
• The factorisation of glue and mass terms in SU(N) gauge theories
• Stability, creation and annihilation of charges in gauge theories
• On the equation of state of U(1) lattice gauge theory in three dimensions