Spin evolution of spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates

Abstract

An analytical formula is obtained to describe the evolution of the average populations of spin components of spin-1 atomic gases. The formula is derived from the exact time-dependent solution of the Hamiltonian $H_S=cmathbf{S}^2$ without using approximation. Therefore it goes beyond the mean field theory and provides a general, accurate, and complete description for the whole process of non-dissipative evolution starting from various initial states. The numerical results directly given by the formula coincide qualitatively well with existing experimental data, and also with other theoretical results from solving dynamic differential equations. For some special cases of initial state, instead of undergoing strong oscillation as found previously, the evolution is found to go on very steadily in a very long duration.

7 pages, 3 figures,

References in corpus (8)

• Bose-Einstein condensation of chromium
• Observation of spinor dynamics in optically trapped 87Rb Bose-Einstein Condensates
• Coherent spinor dynamics in a spin-1 Bose condensate
• Sodium Bose-Einstein Condensates in the F=2 State in a Large-volume Optical Trap
• Quantum entanglement in spinor Bose-Einstein condensates
• Dynamics and thermodynamics in spinor quantum gases
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Cited by in corpus (2)

• Sensitivity of spin structures of small spin-1 condensates against a magnetic field studied beyond the mean field theory
• Strong spin-oscillation of small spin-1 condensates caused by an inclined weak magnetic field