Extending the redshift-distance relation in Cosmological General Relativity to higher redshifts

Abstract

The redshift-distance modulus relation, the Hubble Diagram, derived from Cosmological General Relativity has been extended to arbitrarily large redshifts. Numerical methods were employed and a density function was found that results in a valid solution of the field equations at all redshifts. The extension has been compared to 302 type Ia supernova data as well as to 69 Gamma-ray burst data. The latter however do not not truly represent a `standard candle' as the derived distance modulii are not independent of the cosmology used. Nevertheless the analysis shows a good fit can be achieved without the need to assume the existence of dark matter. The Carmelian theory is also shown to describe a universe that is always spatially flat. This results from the underlying assumption of the energy density of a cosmological constant ${\Omega }_{\Lambda }=1$, the result of vacuum energy. The curvature of the universe is described by a \textit{spacevelocity} metric where the energy content of the curvature at any epoch is ${\Omega }_K={\Omega }_{\Lambda }-\Omega =1-\Omega$, where $\Omega$ is the matter density of the universe. Hence the total density is always ${\Omega }_K+\Omega =1$

Improved version, edited text, 19 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in Found. of Physics

References in corpus (12)

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• The distance modulus determined from Carmeli's cosmology fits the accelerating universe data of the high-redshift type Ia supernovae without dark matter
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• Particle Pair Production in Cosmological General Relativity
• Cosmological General Relativity With Scale Factor and Dark Energy