Phases and Transitions in the Spin-1 Bose-Hubbard Model: Systematics of a Mean-field Theory

Abstract

We generalize the mean-field theory for the spinless Bose-Hubbard model to account for the different types of superfluid phases that can arise in the spin-1 case. In particular, our mean-field theory can distinguish polar and ferromagnetic superfluids, Mott insulators which arise at integer fillings at zero temperature, and normal Bose liquids into which the Mott insulators evolve at finite temperatures. We find, in contrast to the spinless case, that several of the superfluid-Mott insulator transitions are first-order at finite temperatures. Our systematic study yields rich phase diagrams that include, first-order and second-order transitions, and a variety of tricritical points. We discuss the possibility of realizing such phase diagrams in experimental systems.

11 pages, 11 figures

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• Quantum Monte Carlo simulations of confined bosonic atoms in optical lattices
• Formation of spatial shell structures in the superfluid to Mott insulator transition
• Phase diagram of spin-1 bosons on one-dimensional lattices
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Cited by in corpus (4)

• Magnetic and Superfluid Transitions in the d=1 Spin-1 Boson Hubbard Model
• Rabi switch of condensate wavefunctions in a multicomponent Bose gas
• Coupled two-component atomic gas in an optical lattice
• Coupling internal atomic states in a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate via an optical lattice: Extended Mott-superfluid transitions