Coupling internal atomic states in a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate via an optical lattice: Extended Mott-superfluid transitions
arXiv:0811.4147 · doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.80.033605
Abstract
An ultracold gas of coupled two-component atoms in an optical field is studied. Due to the internal two-level structure of the atoms, three competing energy terms exist; atomic kinetic, atomic internal, and atom-atom interaction energies. A novel outcome of this interplay, not present in the regular Bose-Hubbard model, is that in the single band and tight binding approximations four different phases appear: two superfluid and two Mott phases. When passing through the critical point between the two superfluid or the two Mott phases, a swapping of the internal atomic populations takes place. By means of the strong coupling expansion, we find the full phase diagram for the four different phases.
9 pages, 7 figures
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