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astro-ph.IM2026

Mid-IR Water-Vapor Seeing: Implications for ELT/METIS High-Contrast Imaging from VLTI Data

Abhirami S Raghu, Prashant Pathak, Olivier Absil +7

Direct imaging and characterization of rocky exoplanets remains one of the central challenges in exoplanetary science. The mid-infrared (mid-IR) offers a favorable high-contrast im…

astro-ph.IM2026

Pushing high angular resolution and high contrast observations on the VLTI from Y to L band with the Asgard instrumental suite: integration status and plans

Marc-Antoine Martinod, Michael J. Ireland, Denis Defrère +39

ESO's VLTI has a history of record-breaking discoveries in astrophysics using high-angular resolution instrumentation. Its latest visitor instrument, the Asgard instrumental suite,…

astro-ph.IM2026

Quantifying the temperature-dependent yields of N and NH formation in vacuum-ultraviolet-irradiated NH ice

P. Samarth, G. Fedoseev, S. Ioppolo +3

Gas--grain astrochemical models predict that a substantial fraction of elemental nitrogen in dense cores and protoplanetary disks is locked in molecular nitrogen (N), in the ga…

astro-ph.IM2026★ 1 cited

Pulsed ion deflection to overcome detector saturation in cryogenic ice sampling

P. Samarth, M. Bulak, D. Paardekooper +2

In 2014, we introduced a new experimental approach to study the UV photo-processing of cryogenic ices of astrophysical interest using laser ablation in combination with ionization…

astro-ph.IM2026

Forward modelling coronagraphic images with a fully physical, differentiable digital twin of MagAO-X: first laboratory results

Matthijs Mars, Sebastiaan Y. Haffert, Louis Desdoigts +10

Post-processing of high contrast imaging data relies on an accurate model of the stellar point spread function (PSF). Current techniques build this model from the science images th…

astro-ph.IM2026

Digging dark holes on-sky with the Self-Coherent Camera: Preliminary results

Elena Tonucci, Sebastiaan Y. Haffert, Jared R. Males +17

Current high-contrast imaging instruments are limited by wavefront errors originating from non-common path aberrations (NCPAs) due, for example, to manufacturing errors in the opti…

astro-ph.IM2026

Sub-diffraction-limited coronagraphic imaging with nano-printed PIAACMC phase masks

Elena Tonucci, Sebastiaan Y. Haffert, Warren B. Foster +22

Imaging Earth-like exoplanets in the habitable zone of their host star is among the main science objectives of future ground-based and space-based observatories. However, the extre…

astro-ph.IM2026

The final design of GMagAO-X: the wavefront sensing and control (WFS&C) architecture of GMagAO-X

Sebastiaan Y. Haffert, Jared R. Males, Laird M. Close +10

The Giant Magellan Adaptive Optics eXtreme (GMagAO-X) instrument has now been selected as an official part of the Giant Magellan Telescope's (GMT) instrument suite. The instrument…

astro-ph.IM2026

Quantum-optimal instruments for high-contrast imaging with multi-plane light converters

Sebastiaan Y. Haffert, Yinzi Xin, Rico Landman

Spatial Mode Demultiplexers (SPADE) are devices that split an incoming wavefront into a particular set of electric field modes. SPADEs have been shown to be quantum-optimal for man…

astro-ph.IM2026

Demonstration of simultaneous PIAA- coronagraphy and wavefront sensing using a single metasurface-based focal-plane optic

Dhwanil Patel, Sebastiaan Y. Haffert, Skyler Palatnick +23

Controlling residual wavefront aberrations downstream of an extreme adaptive optics (ExAO) system is a major challenge in high-contrast imaging. These aberrations produce quasi-sta…

astro-ph.IM2026

Early Exploration of the Scientific Discovery Space for the Habitable Worlds Observatory

Courtney D. Dressing, Danica Adams, Evelyne Alecian +324

The Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) is a future NASA flagship mission concept identified by the Astro2020 Decadal Survey as the highest priority for large space missions. HWO sh…

astro-ph.IM2026

AMReX-Astrophysics Microphysics: A set of microphysics routines for astrophysical simulation codes based on the AMReX library

Astro Microphysics Team, Khanak Bhargava, Abigail Bishop +15

The AMReX-Astrophysics Microphysics library provides a common set of microphysics routines (reaction networks and associated physics, equations of state, and various transport coef…

astro-ph.IM2026

Future Detections of the Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium using Bright Power Law Sources with NewAthena

Joseph Fisher, Antonio Martin-Carrillo, Thomas Dauser +3

Context. Hydrodynamical cosmological simulations based on the -Cold Dark Matter (CDM) model predict that 40% of the baryons in the local Universe are missing. These mis…

astro-ph.IM2026

Thermal background reduction for mid-infrared imaging by low-rank background and sparse point-source modelling

R. A. R. Moens, A. G. M. Pietrow, B. Brandl +1

Mid-infrared astronomy from the ground faces critical challenges in accurately detecting and quantifying sources due to the dominant spatially and time-variable background noise. M…

astro-ph.IM2026

Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1). AstroVink: A vision transformer approach to find strong gravitational lens systems

Euclid Collaboration, S. H. Vincken, K. Rojas +302

We present AstroVink, a vision transformer classifier designed for automated identification of strong lens candidates in Euclid imaging. We build upon the DINOv2 encoder, fine tune…

astro-ph.IM2026★ 1 cited

Nemesis: A Multi-Scale, Multi-Physics Algorithm for Astrophysics

Erwan Hochart, Simon Portegies Zwart

In this work, an updated version of the multi-scale, multi-physics algorithm, Nemesis which makes use of the Astrophysical Multipurpose Software Environment (AMUSE). The algorithm…

astro-ph.IM2026

Quantifying the Scientific Potential of Intermediate and Extreme Mass Ratio Inspirals with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna

Lorenzo Speri, Francisco Duque, Susanna Barsanti +4

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will enable precision studies of Extreme and Intermediate Mass Ratio Inspirals (EMRIs/IMRIs), providing unique probes of astrophysical…

astro-ph.IM2026

Phase-Induced Amplitude Apodization Complex Mask Coronagraph (PIAACMC) on-sky demonstration with MagAO-X

Elena Tonucci, Sebastiaan Haffert, Warren Foster +18

Advancing the technological development of small inner working angle (IWA) coronagraphs is essential to enabling high-contrast imaging of temperate exoplanets with future extremely…

astro-ph.IM2026

Euclid: An automated system to match Rubin transient alerts to Euclid observations

C. Duffy, I. M. Hook, C. M. Gutierrez +150

The Vera C. Rubin observatory is expected to produce 10 million transient alerts per night in ugrizy filters, whilst Euclid is a visible to near-infrared space telescope engaged in…

astro-ph.IM2026

Euclid. Properties and performance of the NISP signal estimator

Euclid Collaboration, F. Cogato, B. Kubik +292

The Euclid spacecraft, located at the second Lagrangian point of the Sun-Earth system, hosts the Near-Infrared Spectrometer and Photometer (NISP) instrument. NISP is equipped with…