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astro-ph.IM2026

Modal estimation of high-order wavefront drifts on coronagraphic testbeds for high-contrast direct imaging of exoplanets

Saikrishna Manojkumar, Susan F. Redmond, Leonid Pogorelyuk +13

Long-term wavefront stability will be critical for the upcoming Habitable Worlds Observatory which aims to directly image exo-Earths. Mechanical and thermal instabilities induce sl…

astro-ph.IM2026

GRINTA: a new Probe of the Dynamic Universe

Lorenzo Natalucci, Philippe Laurent, Marica Branchesi +48

Recent observations of the transient sky at all wavelengths are increasingly revealing the importance of the multi-messenger and multi-wavelength approach. The GRINTA (Gamma-Ray IN…

astro-ph.IM2026

Instrumental artifacts in photonic lantern spectroastrometry and their mitigation with PLred

Yoo Jung Kim, Michael P. Fitzgerald, Malena Bloom +10

Spectroastrometry is a powerful spectral-differential technique for probing angular scales below the resolution limit, but it is also well known to be susceptible to instrumental a…

astro-ph.IM2026

Early Exploration of the Scientific Discovery Space for the Habitable Worlds Observatory

Courtney D. Dressing, Danica Adams, Evelyne Alecian +324

The Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) is a future NASA flagship mission concept identified by the Astro2020 Decadal Survey as the highest priority for large space missions. HWO sh…

astro-ph.IM2026

GRAVITY+: reducing non-common-path aberrations for sub-10 μas astrometric accuracy

Quentin Fournier, Guillaume Bourdarot, Frank Eisenhauer +26

GRAVITY is a state-of-the-art instrument for near-infrared astrometric interferometry that routinely achieves astrometric accuracy of 30-100 microarcsecond in its phase-referenced…

astro-ph.IM2026

The MICADO first light imager for the ELT: the SCAO module AIT in France, from the beta flat configuration towards the flat and final configurations

Yann Clénet, Vincent Lapeyrère, Eric Gendron +45

MICADO is the designated ELT first light instrument, a near-infrared imager working at the diffraction limit of the telescope thanks to a SCAO and an MCAO mode. Since summer 2024,…

astro-ph.IM2026★ 3 cited

The MICADO first-light imager for the ELT: first steps of the SCAO system MAIT

Yann Clénet, Eric Gendron, Fabrice Vidal +39

MICADO is the ELT first light instrument, an imager working at the diffraction limit of the telescope thanks to two adaptive optics (AO) modes: a single conjugate one (SCAO), avail…

astro-ph.IM2026★ 1 cited

Thermal Deformation Reduction in High-Power Interferometry with Higher-Order Laser Modes

Liu Tao, Yuhang Zhao, Zong-Hong Zhu +1

Test-mass thermal noise is a limiting noise source for current and next-generation ground-based gravitational-wave observatories. Uniform-intensity higher-order laser beams, includ…

astro-ph.IM2026

Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1). AstroVink: A vision transformer approach to find strong gravitational lens systems

Euclid Collaboration, S. H. Vincken, K. Rojas +302

We present AstroVink, a vision transformer classifier designed for automated identification of strong lens candidates in Euclid imaging. We build upon the DINOv2 encoder, fine tune…

astro-ph.IM2026

PLATO input catalogs for technical calibration and fine guidance

René Heller, Chen Jiang, Paz Bluhm +18

A few weeks after launch, the PLATO spacecraft is expected to start its payload commissioning, which will be completed within the first three months of the mission. This phase incl…

astro-ph.IM2026

Differentiable Forward Modeling for Efficient and Accurate Shear Inference

Ismael Mendoza, Axel Guinot, Matthew R. Becker +6

Forthcoming Stage-IV dark energy optical surveys, such as LSST, have the ambitious goal of measuring cosmological parameters at sub-percent precision. Realizing their full scientif…

astro-ph.IM2026★ 14 cited

The Vera C. Rubin Observatory Data Preview 1

Vera C Rubin Observatory Team, Tatiana Acero Cuellar, Emily Acosta +325

We present Rubin Data Preview 1 DP1, the first data from the NSF DOE Vera C Rubin Observatory, comprising raw and calibrated single epoch images, coadds, difference images, detecti…

astro-ph.IM2026

Euclid: An automated system to match Rubin transient alerts to Euclid observations

C. Duffy, I. M. Hook, C. M. Gutierrez +150

The Vera C. Rubin observatory is expected to produce 10 million transient alerts per night in ugrizy filters, whilst Euclid is a visible to near-infrared space telescope engaged in…

astro-ph.IM2026★ 1 cited

Bayesian imaging inverse problem with scattering transform

Sébastien Pierre, Erwan Allys, Pablo Richard +2

Bayesian imaging inverse problems in astrophysics and cosmology remain challenging, particularly in low-data regimes, due to complex forward operators and the frequent lack of well…

astro-ph.IM2026

Euclid. Properties and performance of the NISP signal estimator

Euclid Collaboration, F. Cogato, B. Kubik +292

The Euclid spacecraft, located at the second Lagrangian point of the Sun-Earth system, hosts the Near-Infrared Spectrometer and Photometer (NISP) instrument. NISP is equipped with…

astro-ph.IM2026

Opportunities in AI/ML for the Rubin LSST Dark Energy Science Collaboration

LSST Dark Energy Science Collaboration, Eric Aubourg, Camille Avestruz +63

The Vera C. Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) will produce unprecedented volumes of heterogeneous astronomical data (images, catalogs, and alerts) that cha…

astro-ph.IM2026

ESO Expanding Horizon White Paper: Revealing the properties of matter at supranuclear densities with gravitational waves

Tim Dietrich, Tanja Hinderer, Micaela Oertel +40

Understanding dense matter under extreme conditions is one of the most fundamental puzzles in modern physics. Complex interactions give rise to emergent, collective phenomena. Whil…

astro-ph.IM2026

POEMMA-Balloon with Radio: A multi-messenger, multi-detector balloon payload

J. Adams, J. Alfaro, D. Allard +123

A review of the current status of the field of Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Ray (UHECR) including a summary of remaining open questions was presented in the white paper "Ultra-High Ene…

astro-ph.IM2025

Fast far-sidelobe modeling for centimeter to sub-millimeter astrophysical observations

Oliver Jeong, Jacques Delabrouille, Michel Piat

Next-generation centimeter to sub-millimeter telescopes require exquisite control over instrumental far-sidelobe response to accurately measure faint signals like the Cosmic Microw…

astro-ph.IM2025

Validation of optical pathlength stability in a LISA test-bench demonstrator

Shivani Harer, Maxime Vincent, Hubert Halloin +40

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) observatory is a future L3 mission of the European Space Agency (ESA) to detect gravitational waves, set to launch in 2035. The detect…

astro-ph.IM2025

Why the Northern Hemisphere Needs a 30-40m Telescope and the Science at Stake: from Interstellar Visitors to Planetary Defence

J. de León, N. Pinilla-Alonso, P. Tanga +49

Small Solar system Objects (SSOs) preserve the physical, chemical, and dynamical signatures of the Sun's protoplanetary disk. Upcoming surveys will discover vast numbers of new obj…

astro-ph.IM2025

Euclid Quick Data Release (Q1). From simulations to sky: Advancing machine-learning lens detection with real Euclid data

Euclid Collaboration, N. E. P. Lines, T. E. Collett +301

In the era of large-scale surveys like Euclid, machine learning has become an essential tool for identifying rare yet scientifically valuable objects, such as strong gravitational…

astro-ph.IM2025

Euclid Structural-Thermal-Optical Performance

Euclid Collaboration, A. Anselmi, R. Laureijs +290

The Euclid system performance is defined in terms of image quality metrics tuned to the weak gravitational lensing (WL) cosmological probe. WL induces stringent requirements on the…

astro-ph.IM2025★ 1 cited

The WEAVE-TwiLight-Survey: Expanding WEAVE's Reach to Bright and Low-Surface-Density Targets with a Novel Observing Mode

Thomas Hajnik, Nicholas A. Walton, Giuseppe D'Ago +28

Current-day multi-object spectroscopic surveys are often limited in their ability to observe bright stars due to their low surface densities, resulting in increased observational o…