Quantization of hypercharge in gauge groups locally isomorphic but globally nonisomorphic to SU(3)_c X SU(2)_L X U(1)_Y

Takaaki Hashimoto, Mamoru Matsunaga, Kenta Yamamoto

In the Standard Model the hypercharges of quarks and leptons are not determined by the gauge group itself. In a recent paper [C. Hattori et al. Phys. Rev. D83, 015009 (2011)] it is…