Less effective hydrodynamic escape of H${}_2$-H${}_2$O atmospheres on terrestrial planets orbiting pre-main sequence M dwarfs

Tatsuya Yoshida, Naoki Terada, Masahiro Ikoma +1

Terrestrial planets currently in the habitable zones around M dwarfs likely experienced a long-term runaway greenhouse condition because of a slow decline in host-stellar luminosit…