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Metallicity and -element Abundance Gradients along the Sagittarius Stream as Seen by APOGEE
Christian R. Hayes, Steven R. Majewski, Sten Hasselquist +27
Using 3D positions and kinematics of stars relative to the Sagittarius (Sgr) orbital plane and angular momentum, we identify 166 Sgr stream members observed by the Apache Point Obs…
The Growing Importance of a Tech Savvy Astronomy and Astrophysics Workforce
Dara Norman, Kelle Cruz, Vandana Desai +26
Fundamental coding and software development skills are increasingly necessary for success in nearly every aspect of astronomical and astrophysical research as large surveys and hig…
Spectroscopy of the Young Stellar Association Price-Whelan 1: Origin in the Magellanic Leading Arm and Constraints on the Milky Way Hot Halo
David L. Nidever, Adrian M. Price-Whelan, Yumi Choi +7
We report spectroscopic measurements of stars in the recently discovered young stellar association Price-Whelan 1 (PW 1), which was found in the vicinity of the Leading Arm (LA) of…
Kinematics of the Palomar 5 stellar stream from RR Lyrae stars
Adrian M. Price-Whelan, Cecilia Mateu, Giuliano Iorio +3
Thin stellar streams, formed from the tidal disruption of globular clusters, are important gravitational tools, sensitive to both global and small-scale properties of dark matter.…
Variations in the width, density, and direction of the Palomar 5 tidal tails
Ana Bonaca, Sarah Pearson, Adrian M. Price-Whelan +8
Stars that escape globular clusters form tidal tails that are predominantly shaped by the global distribution of mass in the Galaxy, but also preserve a historical record of small-…
Multiple retrograde substructures in the Galactic halo: A shattered view of Galactic history
Helmer H. Koppelman, Amina Helmi, Davide Massari +2
Aims. Several kinematic and chemical substructures have been recently found amongst Milky Way halo stars with retrograde motions. It is currently unclear how these various structur…
In Pursuit of Galactic Archaeology: Astro2020 Science White Paper
Melissa Ness, Jonathan Bird, Jennifer Johnson +30
The next decade affords tremendous opportunity to achieve the goals of Galactic archaeology. That is, to reconstruct the evolutionary narrative of the Milky Way, based on the empir…
Applying Liouville's Theorem to Gaia Data
Matthew R. Buckley, David W. Hogg, Adrian M. Price-Whelan
The Milky Way is filled with the tidally-disrupted remnants of globular clusters and dwarf galaxies. Determining the properties of these objects -- in particular, initial masses an…
Multiple components of the Jhelum stellar stream
Ana Bonaca, Charlie Conroy, Adrian M. Price-Whelan +1
In simple models of the Milky Way, tidally disrupting satellites produce long and thin---nearly one-dimensional---stellar streams. Using astrometric data from the Gaia second data…
Antlia2's role in driving the ripples in the outer gas disk of the Galaxy
Sukanya Chakrabarti, Philip Chang, Adrian Price-Whelan +3
We employ the earlier published proper motions of the newly discovered Antlia 2 dwarf galaxy derived from Gaia data to calculate its orbital distribution in the cosmologically rece…
The Detailed Science Case for the Maunakea Spectroscopic Explorer, 2019 edition
The MSE Science Team, Carine Babusiaux, Maria Bergemann +258
(Abridged) The Maunakea Spectroscopic Explorer (MSE) is an end-to-end science platform for the design, execution and scientific exploitation of spectroscopic surveys. It will unvei…
Stellar multiplicity: an interdisciplinary nexus
Katelyn Breivik, Adrian M. Price-Whelan, Daniel J. D'Orazio +5
Our uncertainties about binary star systems (and triples and so on) limit our capabilities in literally every single one of the Thematic Areas identified for Astro2020. We need to…
Stellar Astrophysics and Exoplanet Science with the Maunakea Spectroscopic Explorer (MSE)
Maria Bergemann, Daniel Huber, Vardan Adibekyan +70
The Maunakea Spectroscopic Explorer (MSE) is a planned 11.25-m aperture facility with a 1.5 square degree field of view that will be fully dedicated to multi-object spectroscopy. A…
Tidal interactions between binary stars drives lithium production in low-mass red giants
Andrew R. Casey, Anna Y. Q. Ho, Melissa Ness +9
Theoretical models of stellar evolution predict that most of the lithium inside a star is destroyed as the star becomes a red giant. However, observations reveal that about 1% of r…