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A first look at the protoplanet WISPIT 2 b with VLTI/GRAVITY+
GRAVITY+ Collaboration, K. Abd El Dayem, R. Abuter +116
Confirmed observations of young protoplanets actively undergoing the process of formation have remained rare to date. In this Letter, we present new insights into the nature of the…
Improved Constraints on the Surface of LHS 3844 b from its Mid-Infrared Spectrum
Kimberly Paragas, Heather A. Knutson, Renyu Hu +4
The thermal emission spectra of terrestrial exoplanets provide a window into their surface compositions and corresponding geological processes. Close-in, rocky planets orbiting M d…
The First Hubble Detection of a Secondary Eclipse from a Rocky Exoplanet: the 5.4-hour planet TOI-2431 b
Sebastian Zieba, Billy Edwards, Samuel N. Quinn +18
We present an HST/WFC3 G141 phase-curve observation of the ultra-short-period rocky planet TOI-2431 b and detect its secondary eclipse in the near infrared. Combined with the TESS…
Rotational broadening of exoplanet spectra in arbitrarily oriented systems: Application to reflected light
Sophia R. Vaughan, Laura Kreidberg
Exoplanet reflection spectra contain a wealth of information, which we are now beginning to access. At a high spectral resolution, the rotation of both the star and the planet affe…
The SPACE Program II: No discernible spectral features in the transmission spectrum of the sub-Neptune HD 191939 b observed with HST/WFC3
Cyril Gapp, Lorena Acuña-Aguirre, Reza Ashtari +17
The atmospheres of sub-Neptunes provide a window into their internal structure and history, shedding light on the origin of this common, but enigmatic, class of exoplanets. However…
Using VLTI/GRAVITY+ to determine the identity of a third planet candidate in the PDS 70 system
David Trevascus, Wolfgang Brandner, Olga Balsalobre-Ruza +75
Detections of protoplanets are rare and protoplanetary disk features mischaracterized as planets are common. PDS 70 is one of only two stars known to host multiple confirmed protop…
The panchromatic JWST dayside spectrum of WASP-121 b reveals a refractory-rich formation
K. Angelique Kahle, Paul Mollière, Laura Kreidberg +16
One path to understand how planets form is to link their present-day atmospheric composition to predictions from planet formation models. For the hottest planets, the abundances of…
CO and potential variability in Pictoris b with GRAVITY+
Antonia von Stauffenberg, Jonas Sauter, Paul Mollière +18
The CO/CO ratio was introduced as an indicator for where in the disk a planet has formed. Previously a lower value compared to the host star's was suggested to show t…
The dark and featureless surface of rocky exoplanet LHS 3844 b from JWST mid-infrared spectroscopy
Sebastian Zieba, Laura Kreidberg, Brandon P. Coy +13
JWST has opened a new era in the study of rocky exoplanets, enabling direct characterization of their surfaces with mid-infrared spectroscopy. Different types of rock have distinct…
Direct spectroscopic confirmation of the young embedded proto-planet WISPIT 2c
Chloe Lawlor, Richelle F. van Capelleveen, Guillaume Bourdarot +18
WISPIT 2 is a nearby young star with a multi-ringed disk which was recently confirmed to host a ~4.9 MJup gas giant planet embedded in a large (60 au) gap at a radial separation of…
A Warm Massive Pair of Planets around TOI-1232 Revealed with Transit-timing Variations and Doppler Spectroscopy
Deyan P. Mihaylov, Jan Eberhardt, Trifon Trifonov +32
TOI-1232 is a G-dwarf star with a mass of , a radius of , and slightly higher metallicity than solar of Fe/H = .…
The Third Option: Color Phase Curves to Characterize the Atmospheres of Temperate Rocky Exoplanets
Drake Deming, Andrew Lincowski, Laura Kreidberg +6
Detecting and characterizing the atmospheres of rocky exoplanets has proven to be challenging for JWST. Transit spectroscopy of the TRAPPIST-1 planets has been impacted by the effe…
Exomoon search with VLTI/GRAVITY around the substellar companion HD 206893 B
Q. Kral, J. Wang, J. Kammerer +130
Direct astrometric detection of exomoons remains unexplored. This study presents the first application of high-precision astrometry to search for exomoons around substellar compani…
The bulk metal content of WASP-80 b from joint interior-atmosphere retrievals: Breaking degeneracies and exploring biases with panchromatic spectra
Lorena Acuña-Aguirre, Laura Kreidberg, Paul Mollière +1
WASP-80 b is an unusually low-density exoplanet in tension with the metal-rich composition expected for a planet of its mass. We aim to derive precise constraints on WASP-80 b's bu…
No TiO detected in the hot Neptune-desert planet LTT-9779 b in reflected light at high spectral resolution
Sophia R. Vaughan, Jayne L. Birkby, Natasha E. Batalha +12
LTT-9779 b is an inhabitant of the hot Neptune desert and one of only a few planets with a measured high albedo. Characterising the atmosphere of this world is the key to understan…
Heat Reveals What Clouds Conceal: Global Carbon & Longitudinally Asymmetric Chemistry on LTT 9779 b
Reza Ashtari, Sean Collins, Jared Splinter +17
LTT-9779 b is an ultra-hot Neptune (Rp ~ 4.7 Re, Mp ~ 29 Me) orbiting its Sun-like host star in just 19 hours, placing it deep within the "hot Neptune desert," where Neptunian plan…
The ExoGRAVITY survey: A K-band spectral library of giant exoplanet and brown dwarf companions
J. Kammerer, T. O. Winterhalder, S. Lacour +106
Direct observations of exoplanet and brown dwarf companions with near-infrared interferometry, first enabled by the dual-field mode of VLTI/GRAVITY, provide unique measurements of…
Limb Asymmetries on WASP-39b: A Multi-GCM Comparison of Chemistry, Clouds, and Hazes
Maria E. Steinrueck, Arjun B. Savel, Duncan A. Christie +28
With JWST, observing separate spectra of the morning and evening limbs of hot Jupiters has finally become a reality. The first such observation was reported for WASP-39b, where the…
Constraints on the Orbit of the Young Substellar Companion GQ Lup B from High-Resolution Spectroscopy and VLTI/GRAVITY Astrometry
Vidya Venkatesan, S. Blunt, J. J. Wang +99
Understanding the orbits of giant planets is critical for testing planet formation models, particularly at wide separations greater than 10 au where traditional core accretion beco…
Mapping the SO2 Shoreline in Gas Giant Exoplanets
Ian J. M. Crossfield, Eva-Maria Ahrer, Jonathan Brande +8
JWST has revealed sulfur chemistry in giant exoplanet atmospheres, where molecules such as SO2 trace photochemistry, metallicity, and formation and migration. To ascertain the cond…
First JWST thermal phase curves of temperate terrestrial exoplanets reveal no thick atmosphere around TRAPPIST-1 b and c
Michaël Gillon, Elsa Ducrot, Taylor J. Bell +30
We report JWST/MIRI 15 m phase curves of TRAPPIST-1 b and c, revealing thermal emission consistent with their irradiation levels, assuming no efficient heat redistribution. We f…
Aligned Stellar Obliquities for Two Hot Jupiter-hosting M Dwarfs Revealed by MAROON-X: Implications for Hot Jupiter Formation
Drew Weisserman, Erik Gillis, Ryan Cloutier +14
Hot Jupiters (HJs) are less common around early M dwarfs than around AFGK stars, suggesting that HJs may form and/or migrate via distinct pathways around different type…
The SPACE Program. I. The featureless spectrum of HD 86226 c challenges sub-Neptune atmosphere trends
K. Angelique Kahle, Jasmina Blecic, Reza Ashtari +26
Sub-Neptune exoplanets are the most abundant type of planet known today. As they do not have a Solar System counterpart, many open questions exist about their composition and forma…
The mid-infrared spectrum of Pictoris b. First VLTI/MATISSE interferometric observations of an exoplanet
M. Houllé, F. Millour, P. Berio +46
Few spectra of directly-imaged exoplanets have been obtained in the mid-infrared (> 3 m). This region is particularly rich in molecular spectral signatures, whose measurements c…