4 papers
FAFO: Over 1 million TPS on a single node running EVM while still Merkleizing every block
Ryan Zarick, Isaac Zhang, Daniel Wong +4
Current blockchain execution throughput is limited by data contention, reducing execution layer parallelism. Fast Ahead-of-Formation Optimization (FAFO) is the first blockchain tra…
LayerZero
Ryan Zarick, Bryan Pellegrino, Isaac Zhang +2
In this paper, we present the first intrinsically secure and semantically universal omnichain interoperability protocol: LayerZero. Utilizing an immutable endpoint, append-only ver…
vApps: Verifiable Applications at Internet Scale
Isaac Zhang, Kshitij Kulkarni, Tan Li +6
Blockchain technology promises a decentralized, trustless, and interoperable infrastructure. However, widespread adoption remains hindered by issues such as limited scalability, hi…
QMDB: Quick Merkle Database
Isaac Zhang, Ryan Zarick, Daniel Wong +4
Quick Merkle Database (QMDB) addresses longstanding bottlenecks in blockchain state management by integrating key-value (KV) and Merkle tree storage into a single unified architect…