65 citations · 489 across the 70 of their papers we have counts for
21 papers · 1 filter
Early Perspectives on the Digital Europe Programme
Jukka Ruohonen, Paul Timmers
A new Digital Europe Programme (DEP), a funding instrument for development and innovation, was established in the European Union (EU) in 2021. The paper makes an empirical inquiry…
On Algorithmic Fairness and the EU Regulations
Jukka Ruohonen
The short paper discusses algorithmic fairness by focusing on non-discrimination and a few important laws in the European Union (EU). In addition to the EU laws addressing discrimi…
Reflections on the Data Governance Act
Jukka Ruohonen, Sini Mickelsson
The European Union (EU) has been pursuing a new strategy under the umbrella label of digital sovereignty. Data is an important element in this strategy. To this end, a specific Dat…
A Note on the Proposed Law for Improving the Transparency of Political Advertising in the European Union
Jukka Ruohonen
There is an increasing supply and demand for political advertising throughout the world. At the same time, societal threats, such as election interference by foreign governments an…
A Text Mining Analysis of Data Protection Politics: The Case of Plenary Sessions of the European Parliament
Jukka Ruohonen
Data protection laws and policies have been studied extensively in recent years, but little is known about the parliamentary politics of data protection. This imitation applies eve…
Recent Trends in Cross-Border Data Access by Law Enforcement Agencies
Jukka Ruohonen
Access to online data has long been important for law enforcement agencies in their collection of electronic evidence and investigation of crimes. These activities have also long i…
Digital Divides and Online Media
Jukka Ruohonen, Anne-Marie Tuikka
Digital divide has been a common concern during the past two or three decades; traditionally, it refers to a gap between developed and developing countries in the adoption and use…
A Comparative Study of Online Disinformation and Offline Protests
Jukka Ruohonen
This paper evaluates the effect of online disinformation upon offline political protests with a time series cross-sectional sample of 125 countries in a period between 2000 and 201…
Reassessing Measures for Press Freedom
Jukka Ruohonen
There has been an increasing interest in press freedom in the face of various global scandals, transformation of media, technological change, obstacles to deliberative democracy, a…
A Few Observations About State-Centric Online Propaganda
Jukka Ruohonen
This paper presents a few observations about pro-Kremlin propaganda between 2015 and early 2021 with a dataset from the East Stratcom Task Force (ESTF), which is affiliated with th…
Assessing the Readability of Policy Documents on the Digital Single Market of the European Union
Jukka Ruohonen
Today, literature skills are necessary. Engineering and other technical professions are not an exception from this requirement. Traditionally, technical reading and writing have be…
A Review of Product Safety Regulations in the European Union
Jukka Ruohonen
Product safety has been a concern in Europe ever since the early 1960s. Despite the long and relatively stable historical lineage of product safety regulations, new technologies, c…
The Treachery of Images in the Digital Sovereignty Debate
Jukka Ruohonen
This short theoretical and argumentative essay contributes to the ongoing deliberation about the so-called digital sovereignty, as pursued particularly in the European Union (EU).…
Do Cyber Capabilities and Cyber Power Incentivize International Cooperation?
Jukka Ruohonen
This paper explores a research question about whether defensive and offensive cyber security power and the capabilities to exercise the power influence the incentives of nation-sta…
The GDPR Enforcement Fines at Glance
Jukka Ruohonen, Kalle Hjerppe
The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) came into force in 2018. After this enforcement, many fines have already been imposed by national data protection authorities in Europ…
A Critical Correspondence on Humpty Dumpty's Funding for European Journalism
Jukka Ruohonen
This short critical correspondence discusses the Digital News Innovation (DNI) fund orchestrated by Humpty Dumpty -- a.k.a. Google -- for helping European journalism to innovate an…
Predicting the Amount of GDPR Fines
Jukka Ruohonen, Kalle Hjerppe
The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) was enforced in 2018. After this enforcement, many fines have already been imposed by national data protection authorities in the Euro…
A Dip Into a Deep Well: Online Political Advertisements, Valence, and European Electoral Campaigning
Jukka Ruohonen
Online political advertisements have become an important element in electoral campaigning throughout the world. At the same time, concepts such as disinformation and manipulation h…
Updating the Wassenaar Debate Once Again: Surveillance, Intrusion Software, and Ambiguity
Jukka Ruohonen, Kai Kimppa
This paper analyzes a recent debate on regulating cyber weapons through multilateral export controls. The background relates to the amending of the international Wassenaar Arrangem…
David and Goliath: Privacy Lobbying in the European Union
Jukka Ruohonen
The paper examines a question of how much more resources do organized business interests have when compared to resources of civil society groups in the context of privacy lobbying…
Invisible Pixels Are Dead, Long Live Invisible Pixels!
Jukka Ruohonen, Ville Leppänen
Privacy has deteriorated in the world wide web ever since the 1990s. The tracking of browsing habits by different third-parties has been at the center of this deterioration. Web co…