82 citations · 115 across the 5 of their papers we have counts for
5 papers
Using Static Charge on Pyroelectric Crystals to Produce Self Focusing Electron and Ion Beams and Transport Through Tubes
James D. Brownridge, Stephen M. Shafroth
Static charge in and on the surface of pyroelectric crystals of LiNbO3 and LiTaO3 in a dilute gas has been shown to ionize gas molecules via electron tunneling. The released electr…
X-ray fluoresced high-Z (up to Z = 82) K-x-rays produced by LiNbO3 and LiTaO3 pyroelectric crystal electron accelerators
James D. Brownridge, Stephen M. Shafroth
High-energy bremsstrahlung and K X-rays were used to produce nearly background-free K X-ray spectra of up to 87 keV (Pb) via X-ray fluorescence. The fluorescing radiation was produ…
Pressure Dependence of Energetic (160 keV) Focused Electron Beams Arising From Heated or Cooled (LiNbO3) Pyroelectric Crystals
James D. Brownridge, Stephen M. Shafroth
A new effect, gas amplification of electron energy is reported here; namely when a cylindrical pyroelectric crystal such as (LiNbO3) is contained in a concentric cylindrical chambe…
Electron Beam Production by Pyroelectric Crystals
James D. Brownridge, Stephen M. Shafroth
Pyroelectric crystals are used to produce self-focused electron beams with energies greater than 170 keV. No high voltage power supply or electron gun is needed. The system works b…
Self-Focused Electron Beams Produced by Pyroelecric Crystals on Heating or Cooling in Dilute Gases
J. D. Brownridge, S. M. Shafroth
Self-focusing, spatially stable, electron beams arising from heating up to 160 degrees C and cooling to room temperature pyroelectric LiNbO3 crystals in dilute gases have been obse…