Formation of organic hazes in CO${}_2$-rich sub-Neptune atmospheres within the graphite-stability regime

Sai Wang, Zhengbo Yang, Chao He +10

Super-Earths and sub-Neptunes are the most common exoplanets, with a "radius valley" suggesting that super-Earths may form by shedding sub-Neptunes' gaseous envelopes. Exoplanets t…