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20242026
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cs.LG2026

Reasoning Cache: Continual Improvement Over Long Horizons via Short-Horizon RL

Ian Wu, Yuxiao Qu, Amrith Setlur +1

Large Language Models (LLMs) that can continually improve beyond their training budgets are able to solve increasingly difficult problems by adapting at test time, a property we re…

cs.LG2026

IsoCompute Playbook: Optimally Scaling Sampling Compute for LLM RL

Zhoujun Cheng, Yutao Xie, Yuxiao Qu +12

While scaling laws guide compute allocation for LLM pre-training, analogous prescriptions for reinforcement learning (RL) post-training of large language models (LLMs) remain poorl…

cs.LG2026

POPE: Learning to Reason on Hard Problems via Privileged On-Policy Exploration

Yuxiao Qu, Amrith Setlur, Virginia Smith +2

Reinforcement learning (RL) has improved the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs), yet state-of-the-art methods still fail to learn on many training problems. On har…

cs.LG2025

e3: Learning to Explore Enables Extrapolation of Test-Time Compute for LLMs

Amrith Setlur, Matthew Y. R. Yang, Charlie Snell +5

Test-time scaling offers a promising path to improve LLM reasoning by utilizing more compute at inference time; however, the true promise of this paradigm lies in extrapolation (i.…

cs.LG2025

Thinking vs. Doing: Agents that Reason by Scaling Test-Time Interaction

Junhong Shen, Hao Bai, Lunjun Zhang +8

The current paradigm of test-time scaling relies on generating long reasoning traces ("thinking" more) before producing a response. In agent problems that require interaction, this…

cs.LG2025

Optimizing Test-Time Compute via Meta Reinforcement Fine-Tuning

Yuxiao Qu, Matthew Y. R. Yang, Amrith Setlur +4

Training models to effectively use test-time compute is crucial for improving the reasoning performance of LLMs. Current methods mostly do so via fine-tuning on search traces or ru…