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Maximum Particle Energies by Fermi Acceleration and the Origin of Cosmic Rays above the Knee
Charles D. Dermer
We derive the maximum accelerated particle energy from first-order and second-order Fermi acceleration at nonrelativistic and relativistic shocks for explosions taking place in a u…
Adiabatic Losses and Stochastic Particle Acceleration in Gamma-Ray Burst Blast Waves
Charles D. Dermer, Mayer Humi
We treat the problem of adiabatic losses and stochastic particle acceleration in gamma-ray burst (GRB) blast waves that decelerate by sweeping up matter from an external medium. Th…
Gamma Ray Bursts, Cosmic Ray Origin, and the Unidentified EGRET Sources
Charles D. Dermer
Statistical arguments show that the volume- and time-averaged kinetic power of GRBs and fireball transients (FTs) into an L* galaxy like the Milky Way is at the level of 10^40 ergs…
Proton and Electron Acceleration through Magnetic Turbulence in Relativistic Outflows
R. Schlickeiser, C. D. Dermer
Low frequency electromagnetic turbulence is generated in relativistically outflowing plasma that sweeps up particles from the surrounding environment. Electrons are energized by st…
Neutrino, Neutron, and Cosmic Ray Production in the External Shock Model of Gamma Ray Bursts
Charles D. Dermer
The hypothesis that ultra-high energy (>~ 10^19 eV) cosmic rays (UHECRs) are accelerated by gamma-ray burst (GRB) blast waves is assumed to be correct. Implications of this assumpt…
External Shock Model for Gamma-Ray Bursts during the Prompt Phase
Charles D. Dermer
The hard X-ray and gamma-ray phenomenology of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) can be explained by an external shock model where a single relativistic blast wave interacts with the surround…