48 citations · 51 across the 2 of their papers we have counts for
11 papers
Minimal Strings for Baryons
Gerard 't Hooft
A simple model is discussed in which baryons are represented as pieces of open string connected at one common point. There are two surprises: one is that, in the conformal gauge, t…
Determinism beneath Quantum Mechanics
Gerard 't Hooft
Contrary to common belief, it is not difficult to construct deterministic models where stochastic behavior is correctly described by quantum mechanical amplitudes, in precise accor…
Quantum Mechanics and Determinism
Gerard 't Hooft
It is shown how to map the quantum states of a system of free scalar particles one-to-one onto the states of a completely deterministic model. It is a classical field theory with a…
How Does God Play Dice? (Pre-)Determinism at the Planck Scale
Gerard 't Hooft
In deterministic theories, one can start from a set of ontological states to formulate the dynamical laws, but these may not be directly observable. Observable are only equivalence…
Determinism in Free Bosons
Gerard 't Hooft
It is shown how to map the quantum states of a system of free Bose particles one-to-one onto the states of a completely deterministic model. It is a classical field theory with a l…
Determinism and Dissipation in Quantum Gravity, Erice lecture
Gerard 't Hooft
Without invalidating quantum mechanics as a principle underlying the dynamics of a fundamental theory, it is possible to ask for even more basic dynamical laws that may yield quant…