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cs.CL2025
Text-Based Approaches to Item Alignment to Content Standards in Large-Scale Reading & Writing Tests
Yanbin Fu, Hong Jiao, Tianyi Zhou +5
Aligning test items to content standards is a critical step in test development to collect validity evidence based on content. Item alignment has typically been conducted by human…
cs.CL2025
Text-Based Approaches to Item Difficulty Modeling in Large-Scale Assessments: A Systematic Review
Sydney Peters, Nan Zhang, Hong Jiao +3
Item difficulty plays a crucial role in test performance, interpretability of scores, and equity for all test-takers, especially in large-scale assessments. Traditional approaches…