4 papers
Exploring the OODA Loop as a Systematic Way of Thinking in Coping with Conflicts
Ethan Anderson, Shouhuai Xu
When conflicts emerge, we need systematic ways of thinking to deal with them. This paper revisits Boyd's Observe, Orient, Decide, Act (OODA) loop and explores its usefulness as a s…
Cognitive Warfare: Definition, Framework, and Case Study
Bonnie Rushing, William Hersch, Shouhuai Xu
Cognitive warfare has emerged as a central feature of modern conflict, yet it remains inconsistently defined and difficult to evaluate. Existing approaches often treat cognitive op…
Quantifying the Engagement Effectiveness of Cyber Cognitive Attacks: A Behavioral Metric for Disinformation Campaigns
Bonnie Rushing, Shouhuai Xu
As disinformation-driven cognitive attacks become increasingly sophisticated, the ability to quantify their impact is essential for advancing cybersecurity defense strategies. This…
Towards Proactive Defense Against Cyber Cognitive Attacks
Bonnie Rushing, Mac-Rufus Umeokolo, Shouhuai Xu
Cyber cognitive attacks leverage disruptive innovations (DIs) to exploit psychological biases and manipulate decision-making processes. Emerging technologies, such as AI-driven dis…