Total outer-independent coalition in graphs

Olga Buntina, Hamidreza Golmohammadi, J. C. Valenzuela-Tripodoro

A set $D$ of vertices graph $G$ is a total outer-independent dominating set (TOIDS) of $G$ if every vertex of $G$ is adjacent to at least one vertex in $D$, and $V(G)\setminus D$ i…