Laser diagnostics for negative ion source optimization: insights from SPIDER at the ITER Neutral Beam Test Facility

R. Agnello, M. Barbisan, R. Pasqualotto +4

The ITER Heating Neutral Beams (HNBs) require large, high-energy H/D atom beams (285/330 A/m^2 extracted current density, and 1/0.87 MeV acceleration energy, respectively for H and…