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cs.LG2025

Steering Out-of-Distribution Generalization with Concept Ablation Fine-Tuning

Helena Casademunt, Caden Juang, Adam Karvonen +3

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) can lead to unintended out-of-distribution generalization. Standard approaches to this problem rely on modifying training data, for example…

cs.LG2025

The Quest for the Right Mediator: Surveying Mechanistic Interpretability Through the Lens of Causal Mediation Analysis

Aaron Mueller, Jannik Brinkmann, Millicent Li +10

Interpretability provides a toolset for understanding how and why neural networks behave in certain ways. However, there is little unity in the field: most studies employ ad-hoc ev…

cs.LG2025

Robustly Improving LLM Fairness in Realistic Settings via Interpretability

Adam Karvonen, Samuel Marks

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in high-stakes hiring applications, making decisions that directly impact people's careers and livelihoods. While prior studi…

cs.LG2025

SAEBench: A Comprehensive Benchmark for Sparse Autoencoders in Language Model Interpretability

Adam Karvonen, Can Rager, Johnny Lin +12

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) are a popular technique for interpreting language model activations, and there is extensive recent work on improving SAE effectiveness. However, most pri…

cs.LG2025

NNsight and NDIF: Democratizing Access to Open-Weight Foundation Model Internals

Jaden Fiotto-Kaufman, Alexander R. Loftus, Eric Todd +17

We introduce NNsight and NDIF, technologies that work in tandem to enable scientific study of the representations and computations learned by very large neural networks. NNsight is…

cs.LG2025

Sparse Feature Circuits: Discovering and Editing Interpretable Causal Graphs in Language Models

Samuel Marks, Can Rager, Eric J. Michaud +3

We introduce methods for discovering and applying sparse feature circuits. These are causally implicated subnetworks of human-interpretable features for explaining language model b…