264 citations · 506 across the 11 of their papers we have counts for
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astro-ph.EP2019★ 9 cited
Self-gravitating planetary envelopes and the core-nucleated instability
William Béthune
Planet formation scenarios can be constrained by the ratio of the gaseous envelope mass relative to the solid core mass in the observed exoplanet populations. One-dimensional calcu…
astro-ph.EP2019★ 41 cited
Envelopes of embedded super-Earths II. Three-dimensional isothermal simulations
William Béthune, Roman R. Rafikov
Massive planetary cores embedded in protoplanetary discs are believed to accrete extended atmospheres, providing a pathway to forming gas giants and gas-rich super-Earths. The prop…
astro-ph.EP2019★ 16 cited
Envelopes of embedded super-Earths I. Two-dimensional simulations
William Béthune, Roman R. Rafikov
Measurements of exoplanetary masses and radii have revealed a population of massive super-Earths --- planets sufficiently large that, according to one dimensional models, they shou…