Determining the Penguin Effect on CP Violation in $B^0\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$

Joao P. Silva, L. Wolfenstein

A major goal in B physics is measuring the CP-violating asymmetry in the decay $B^0\to {\pi }^{+}{\pi }^{-}$. In order to determine one of the phase angles in the CKM matrix from this…