Global Simulations of Gravitational Instability in Protostellar Disks with Full Radiation Transport II. Locality of Gravitoturbulence, Clumpy Spirals, and Implications for Observable Substructure

Wenrui Xu, Yan-Fei Jiang, Matthew W. Kunz +1

Spiral perturbations in a gravitationally unstable accretion disk regulate disk evolution through angular-momentum transport and heating and provide an observational signature of g…