31 citations · 164 across the 58 of their papers we have counts for
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A No-Go Theorem of Analytical Mechanics for the Second Law Violation
P. D. Gujrati
We follow the Boltzmann-Clausius-Maxwell (BCM) proposal to solve a long-standing problem of identifying the underlying cause of the second law (SL) of spontaneous irreversibility,…
Maxwell's Conjecture of the Demon creating a Temperature Difference is False
P. D. Gujrati
We argue that Maxwell's demon is incapable of creating a nonzero temperature difference. Hence, it does not destroy equilibrium and the second law is never at risk, contrary to the…
A Review of the System-Intrinsic Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics in Extended Space (MNEQT) with Applications
P. D. Gujrati
The review deals with a novel approach (MNEQT) to nonequilibrium thermodynamics (NEQT) that is based on the concept of internal equilibrium (IEQ) in an enlarged state space involvi…
A Novel Trick to Overcome the Phase Space Volume Change and the Use of Hamiltonian Trajectories with an emphasis on the Free Expansion
P. D. Gujrati
We extend and successfully apply a recently proposed microstate nonequilibrium thermodynamics to study expansion/contraction processes. Here, the numbers of initial and final micro…
Jensen Inequality and the Second Law
P. D. Gujrati
Jensen's Inequality (JIEQ) has proved to be a major tool to prove the consistency of various fluctuation theorems with the second law in microscopic thermodynamics. We show that th…
Hybrid Einstein-Langevin Approach for Microscopic formulation of Viscous Drag: An Alternative to the Langevin Equation
P. D. Gujrati
We present a novel hybrid but thermodynamic approach to provide an alternative to the Langevin equation by using system-intrinsic (SI) microwork done by the Brownian particle in th…
Consequences of the Detailed Balance for the Crooks Fluctuation Theorem
P. D. Gujrati
We show that the assumptions of the detailed balance and of the initial equilibrium macrostate, which are central to the Crooks fluctuation theorem (CFT), lead to all microstates a…
Phase transitions of antiferromagnetic Ising spins on the zigzag surface of an asymmetrical Husimi lattice
Ran Huang, Purushottam D. Gujrati
An asymmetrical 2D Ising model with a zigzag surface, created by diagonally cutting a regular square lattice, has been developed to investigate the thermodynamics and phase transit…
Correcting the Mistaken Identification of Nonequilibrium Microscopic Work
P. D. Gujrati
The energy change dE_k for the kth microstate is erroneously equated with the external work done on the microstate. It ignores the ubiquitous internal energy change d_iW_k due to f…
Hierarchy of Relaxation times and Residual Entropy: A Nonequilibrium Approach
P. D. Gujrati
We consider nonequilibrium (NEQ) states such as supercooled liquids and glasses that are described with use of internal variables. We classify the latter by state-dependent hierarc…
The Role of the Communal Entropy and Free Volume for the Viscosity Divergence near the Glass Transition: A New Conceptual Approach
P. D. Gujrati
The conventional approach to study glasses either requires considering the rapid drop in the excess entropy ΔS_ex or the free volume V_f. As the two quantities are not directly rel…
Jarzynski Equality and its Special Trajectory Ensemble Average Demystified
P. D. Gujrati
The special trajectory ensemble average (TEA), denoted by a subscript 0, in the Jarzynski Equality (JE) results in the Jensen inequality <R>_0 GT-EQ delta(F) for the work R done on…
Nonequilibrium Work and its Hamiltonian Connection for a Microstate in Nonequilibrium Statistical Thermodynamics: A Case of Mistaken Identity
P. D. Gujrati
Nonequilibrium work-Hamiltonian connection for a microstate plays a central role in diverse branches of statistical thermodynamics (fluctuation theorems, quantum thermodynamics, st…
Determination of Nonequilibrium Temperature and Pressure using Clausius Equality in a State with Memory: A Simple Model Calculation
P. D. Gujrati
Use of the extended definition of heat dQ=deQ+diQ converts the Clausius inequality dS greater than or equal to deQ/T0 into an equality dS=dQ/T involving the nonequilibrium temperat…
The Thermodynamic Behaviors and Glass Transition on the Surface/Thin Film of An Ising Spin Model on Recursive Lattice
Ran Huang, Purushottam D. Gujrati
A quasi 2-dimensional recursive lattice formed by planar elements have been designed to investigate the surface thermodynamics of Ising spin glass system with the aim to study the…
Thermodynamic Comparison and the Ideal Glass Transition of A Monatomic Systems Modeled as an Antiferromagnetic Ising Model on Husimi and Cubic Recursive Lattices of the Same Coordination Number
Ran Huang, Purushottam D. Gujrati
Two kinds of recursive lattices with the same coordination number but different unit cells (2-D square and 3-D cube) are constructed and the antiferromagnetic Ising model is solved…
Is Structural Relaxation During Vitrification the Inverse of the Glass Transition?
P. D. Gujrati
We have recently applied the second law to an isolated system, consisting of a system Σ such as a glass surrounded by an extremely large medium Σ, to show that the instantaneous te…
Non-equilibrium thermodynamics. II: Application to inhomogeneous systems
P. D. Gujrati
We provide an extension of a recent approach to study non-equilibrium thermodynamics [Phys. Rev. E 81, 051130 (2010), to be denoted by I in this work] to inhomogeneous systems by c…
Non-equilibrium thermodynamics. IV: Generalization of Maxwell, Claussius-Clapeyron and Response Functions Relations, and the Prigogine-Defay Ratio for Systems in Internal Equilibrium
P. D. Gujrati, P. P. Aung
We follow the consequences of internal equilibrium in non-equilibrium systems that has been introduced recently [Phys. Rev. E 81, 051130 (2010)] to obtain the generalization of Max…
Non-equilibrium thermodynamics.III. Thermodynamic Principles, Entropy Continuity during Component Confinement, Energy Gap and the Residual Entropy
P. D. Gujrati
To investigate the consequences of component confinement such as at a glass transition and the well-known energy or enthalpy gap (between the glass and the perfect crystal at absol…
A Rigorous Derivation of the Entropy Bound and the Nature of Entropy Variation for Non-equilibrium Systems during Cooling
P. D. Gujrati
We use rigorous non-equilibrium thermodynamic arguments to prove (i) the residual entropy of any system is bounded below by the experimentally (calorimetrically) determined absolut…
Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics: Structural Relaxation, Fictive temperature and Tool-Narayanaswamy phenomenology in Glasses
P. D. Gujrati
Starting from the second law of thermodynamics applied to an isolated system consisting of the system surrounded by an extremely large medium, we formulate a general non-equilibriu…
Irreversibility, Molecular Chaos, and A Simple Proof of the Second Law
P. D. Gujrati
The irreversibility in a statistical system is traced to its probabilistic evolution, and the molecular chaos assumption is not its unique consequence as is commonly believed. Unde…
Poincare Recurrence, Zermelo's Second Law Paradox, and Probabilistic Origin in Statistical Mechanics
P. D. Gujrati
We show that Poincare recurrence does not mean that the entropy will eventually decrease, contrary to the claim of Zermelo, and that the probabilitistic origin in statistical physi…