Optical bistability of continuous-wave and multi-pulse phase transition within EDFL via low threshold saturable absorber

Hsuan-Sen Wang, Wen-Hsuan Kuan, Ahmed F. M. El-Mahdy +4

We demonstrate optical bistability in an erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) using a low saturation intensity covalent organic framework (COF) saturable absorber (SA). The COF-SA satis…