Noctilucent Clouds Modulated by Strong 5-day Planetary Wave in 2025: Amplitudes, Phases and Altitudes Based on Ground-Based Observations and Satellite Temperature Data

Oleg S. Ugolnikov, Ilya S. Yankovsky, Nikolay N. Pertsev +12

During the summer season of 2025, noctilucent clouds (NLC) were observed at the latitudes 55-60N from the late May until the late August. A distinct 5-day periodicity in their occu…