The Extent of Solar Energetic Particle Irradiation in the Sun's Protoplanetary Disk

Steven J. Desch, Ashley K. Herbst, Richard L. Hervig +1

Solar flares emit X rays and high-energy (MeV-GeV) ions (Solar Energetic Particles, or SEPs). Astronomical observations show solar mass-protostellar fluxes are a factor $Φ\approx…