3 papers
cs.CL2026
A scaling law of contextual persistence in human language
Elan Barenholtz
Human language exhibits lawful structure at the level of words (frequency, vocabulary growth) and word pairs (co-occurrence across distance). Here we show that the arrangement of w…
cs.CL2026
Trajectory Dynamics in Language Model Hidden States Predict Human Processing Costs Beyond Surprisal
Elan Barenholtz
Human language comprehension unfolds sequentially: each word is processed in the context of those that came before, and the interpretation builds incrementally over time. Surprisal…
cs.CL2026
World Properties without World Models: Recovering Spatial and Temporal Structure from Co-occurrence Statistics in Static Word Embeddings
Elan Barenholtz
Recent work interprets the linear recoverability of geographic and temporal variables from large language model (LLM) hidden states as evidence for world-like internal representati…