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Quantum Order: a Quantum Entanglement of Many Particles
Xiao-Gang Wen
It is pointed out that quantum states, in general, contain a new kind of orders that cannot be characterized by symmetry. A concept of quantum order is introduced to describe such…
Superfluidity and Superconductivity in Double-Layered Quantum Hall state
X. -G. Wen, A. Zee
We discuss and review the basic physics that leads to superfluidity/superconductivity in certain quantum Hall states, in particular the so-called double-layered (mmm) state. In the…
Origin of Light
Xiao-Gang Wen
The existence of light (a massless U(1) gauge boson) is one of unresolved mysteries in nature. In this paper, we would like to propose that light is originated from certain quantum…
Signature of the staggered flux state around a superconducting vortex in underdoped cuprates
Jun-ichiro Kishine, Patrick A. Lee, Xiao-Gang Wen
Based on the SU(2) lattice gauge theory formulation of the t-J model, we discuss possible signature of the unit cell doubling associated with the staggered flux (SF) state in the l…
Quantum Orders and Symmetric Spin Liquids
Xiao-Gang Wen
A concept -- quantum order -- is introduced to describe a new kind of orders that generally appear in quantum states at zero temperature. Quantum orders that characterize universal…
Critical points in edge tunneling between generic FQH states
Joel E. Moore, Xiao-Gang Wen
A general description of weak and strong tunneling fixed points is developed in the chiral-Luttinger-liquid model of quantum Hall edge states. Tunneling fixed points are a subset o…