FedSCAM (Federated Sharpness-Aware Minimization with Clustered Aggregation and Modulation): Scam-resistant SAM for Robust Federated Optimization in Heterogeneous Environments

Sameer Rahil, Zain Abdullah Ahmad, Talha Asif

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across decentralized edge devices while preserving data privacy. However, statistical heterogeneity among clients, ofte…