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physics.comp-ph2026

Astroid Spinodal Boundary in Phase-Based Ising Machines

Malihe Farasat, Nikhil Shukla

The paper analyzes how competition between second-harmonic injection and network coupling in oscillator‑based Ising machines creates a spinodal transition between monostable and bi…

physics.comp-ph2026

Leveraging Population Dynamics to Steer Efficient Search in Large-Scale Combinatorial Optimization

Nikhat Khan, Ridge Redding, Nikhil Shukla

Combinatorial optimization problems pose substantial computational challenges because their feasible solution spaces grow exponentially with problem size. This paper presents a GPU…

physics.comp-ph2026

Breakdown of Gradient-Flow Dynamics in Oscillator Ising Machines from Harmonic Misalignment

Abir Hasan, E. M. Hasantha Ekanayake, Kyle Lee +2

Oscillator Ising machines (OIMs) are often viewed as physical systems that perform gradient descent on an energy landscape encoding Ising solutions. Here, we show that this interpr…

physics.comp-ph2026

Bridging the Analog and the Probabilistic Computing Divide: Configuring Oscillator Ising Machines as P-bit Engines

E. M. Hasantha Ekanayake, Nikhat Khan, Nikhil Shukla

Oscillator Ising Machines (OIMs) and probabilistic bit (p-bit)-based computing platforms have emerged as promising paradigms for tackling complex combinatorial optimization problem…

physics.comp-ph2025

Spin Freezing in Oscillator Ising Machines: When Second Harmonic Injection Impedes Computation

Malihe Farasat, E. M. H. E. B. Ekanayake, Nikhil Shukla

Second harmonic injection (SHI) has emerged as a critical mechanism in enabling networks of coupled oscillators to function as Oscillator Ising Machines (OIMs), capable of minimizi…