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7 papers

gr-qc2026

Advanced Virgo during the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA fourth observing run

Virgo Collaboration, F Acernese, A Agapito +546

The paper reports on Advanced Virgo's participation in the fourth observing run (O4) of the global gravitational‑wave detector network, describing the commissioning of its new sign…

astro-ph.IM2026

Advanced Virgo Plus for O5 -- Design Report Overview

F. Acernese, A. Agapito, D. Agarwal +578

This document presents an overview of the design, implementation, and expected performance of the Advanced Virgo Plus (AdV+) upgrades in view of the O5 observing run. Following the…

physics.optics2026

Thermal Noise Reduction in Ternary Optical Coatings: From Ti::GeO-Based Ternary Systems to High Index Materials

Vincenzo Pierro, Guerino Avallone, Jessica Steinlechner +11

Minimizing coating thermal noise is crucial for enhancing gravitational wave detector sensitivity, with a target Amplitude Spectral Density Reduction Factor (ASD RF) of relat…

physics.optics2026

Experimental Realization of Optimized Ternary Mirror Coatings

V. Pierro, M. Granata, C. Michel +9

We report on the first experimental realization of multi-material dielectric mirror coatings designed through a multi-objective optimization algorithm to simultaneously minimize th…

physics.app-ph2025

Comparative Analysis of Thermal Models for Test Masses in Next-Generation Gravitational Wave Interferometers

Vincenzo Pierro, Vincenzo Fiumara, Guerino Avallone +8

Accurate thermal modeling of Terminal Test Masses (TTMs) is crucial for optimizing the sensitivity of gravitational wave interferometers like Virgo. In fact, in such gravitational…

gr-qc2025

The Science of the Einstein Telescope

Adrian Abac, Raul Abramo, Simone Albanesi +485

Einstein Telescope (ET) is the European project for a gravitational-wave (GW) observatory of third-generation. In this paper we present a comprehensive discussion of its science ob…