Illuminating Massive Black Holes With White Dwarfs: Orbital Dynamics and High Energy Transients from Tidal Interactions

Morgan MacLeod, Jacqueline Goldstein, Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz +2

White dwarfs (WDs) can be tidally disrupted only by massive black holes (MBHs) with masses less than $\sim 10^5{M}_{\odot }$. These tidal interactions feed material to the MBH well abov…