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Pushing high angular resolution and high contrast observations on the VLTI from Y to L band with the Asgard instrumental suite: integration status and plans
Marc-Antoine Martinod, Michael J. Ireland, Denis Defrère +39
ESO's VLTI has a history of record-breaking discoveries in astrophysics using high-angular resolution instrumentation. Its latest visitor instrument, the Asgard instrumental suite,…
Upgrading LBTI/NOMIC with a quadruple annular groove phase mask and GeoSnap detector for imaging nearby, habitable-zone exoplanets
Kevin Wagner, Manny Montoya, Steve Ertel +32
The Large Binocular Telescope Interferometer (LBTI)'s Nulling-Optimized Mid-Infrared Camera (NOMIC) is among the most capable thermal-infrared imaging systems available for high-co…
Asgard/NOTT: Status of laboratory nulling performance
T. Mattheussen, R. Laugier, D. Defrère +26
Nulling interferometry enables the direct detection of faint companions and circumstellar structures at angular separations unresolvable by classical, diffraction-limited imagers,…
Performance Analysis of the Asgard/NOTT Nulling Interferometer: Optimizing Observing Modes for High-contrast Detection
J. P. Scott, S. Ertel, T. A. Stuber +21
We evaluate the performance of three beam-combination schemes, single-Bracewell, asymmetric dual-Bracewell, and symmetric dual-Bracewell, for the forthcoming Asgard/NOTT nulling in…
Early Exploration of the Scientific Discovery Space for the Habitable Worlds Observatory
Courtney D. Dressing, Danica Adams, Evelyne Alecian +324
The Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) is a future NASA flagship mission concept identified by the Astro2020 Decadal Survey as the highest priority for large space missions. HWO sh…
Spectrally dispersed non-redundant aperture-masking interferometry in the thermal infrared with LBTI/ALES
T. A. Stuber, J. M. Stone, J. W. Isbell +5
Non-redundant aperture-masking interferometry maximizes the angular resolution of a telescope by turning it into an interferometric array using pupil plane masks. If the interferen…
Commissioning and on-sky performance verification of iLocater
Marshall C. Johnson, Marcelo Tala Pinto, Jonathan Crass +59
iLocater is a high-resolution near-infrared extreme precision radial velocity (EPRV) spectrograph that was deployed to the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT) in June 2026. iLocater op…
Asgard/NOTT: Cryogenic characterization of the mid-infrared chip
G. Garreau, D. Defrère, R. Laugier +25
NOTT is part of the new visitor instrument suite Asgard for the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI), and the first long-baseline nulling interferometer that will be operatio…
Exploring Exoplanets with Interferometry
Sascha P. Quanz, Bertrand Mennesson, Charles Beichman +27
(Extract from the Executive Summary) Humanity stands at the threshold of answering one of its most profound questions: Does life exist beyond Earth? Ongoing and upcoming space miss…
The instrumentation program at the Large Binocular Telescope Observatory in 2024
Joseph C. Shields, Jason Chu, Albert Conrad +17
The Large Binocular Telescope, with its expansive collecting area, angular resolving power, and advanced optical design, provides a robust platform for development and operation of…
Generic data reduction for nulling interferometry package: the grip of a single data reduction package on all the nulling interferometers
Marc-Antoine Martinod, Denis Defrère, Romain Laugier +5
Nulling interferometry is a powerful observing technique to reach exoplanets and circumstellar dust at separations too small for direct imaging with single-dish telescopes and too…
Pushing high angular resolution and high contrast observations on the VLTI from Y to L band with the Asgard instrumental suite: integration status and plans
Marc-Antoine Martinod, Denis Defrère, Michael J. Ireland +35
ESO's Very Large Telescope Interferometer has a history of record-breaking discoveries in astrophysics and significant advances in instrumentation. The next leap forward is its new…
L-band nulling interferometry at the VLTI with Asgard/NOTT: status and plans
Denis Defrère, Romain Laugier, Marc-Antoine Martinod +43
NOTT (formerly Hi-5) is the L'-band (3.5-4.0~microns) nulling interferometer of Asgard, an instrument suite in preparation for the VLTI visitor focus. The primary scientific object…
Improving mid-infrared thermal background subtraction with Principal Component Analysis
Hélène Rousseau, Steve Ertel, Denis Defrère +2
Ground-based large-aperture telescopes, interferometers, and future Extremely Large Telescopes equipped with adaptive-optics systems provide angular resolution and high-contrast pe…
SOUL at LBT: commissioning results, science and future
Enrico Pinna, Fabio Rossi, Guido Agapito +27
The SOUL systems at the Large Bincoular Telescope can be seen such as precursor for the ELT SCAO systems, combining together key technologies such as EMCCD, Pyramid WFS and adaptiv…
L-band nulling interferometry at the VLTI with Asgard/Hi-5: status and plans
Denis Defrère, Azzurra Bigioli, Colin Dandumont +34
Hi-5 is the L'-band (3.5-4.0 m) high-contrast imager of Asgard, an instrument suite in preparation for the visitor focus of the VLTI. The system is optimized for high-contrast a…
Imaging low-mass planets within the habitable zones of nearby stars with ground-based mid-infrared imaging
Kevin Wagner, Steve Ertel, Jordan Stone +8
Giant exoplanets on 10-100 au orbits have been directly imaged around young stars. The peak of the thermal emission from these warm young planets is in the near-infrared (~1-5 micr…
Bringing SOUL on sky
Enrico Pinna, Fabio Rossi, Alfio Puglisi +20
The SOUL project is upgrading the 4 SCAO systems of LBT, pushing the current guide star limits of about 2 magnitudes fainter thanks to Electron Multiplied CCD detector. This improv…
Betelgeuse scope: Single-mode-fibers-assisted optical interferometer design for dedicated stellar activity monitoring
Narsireddy Anugu, Katie M. Morzinski, Josh Eisner +12
Betelgeuse has gone through a sudden shift in its brightness and dimmed mysteriously. This is likely caused by a hot blob of plasma ejected from Betelgeuse and then cooled to obscu…
Implementing multi-wavelength fringe tracking for the Large Binocular Telescope Interferometer's phase sensor, PHASECam
Erin R. Maier, Phil Hinz, Denis Defrère +5
PHASECam is the fringe tracker for the Large Binocular Telescope Interferometer (LBTI). It is a near-infrared camera which is used to measure both tip/tilt and fringe phase variati…
Status of commissioning stabilized infrared Fizeau interferometry with LBTI
Eckhart Spalding, Phil Hinz, Katie Morzinski +5
The Large Binocular Telescope Interferometer (LBTI) has the longest baseline in the world, 22.7 m, for performing astronomical interferometry in Fizeau mode, which involves beam co…
Hi-5: a potential high-contrast thermal near-infrared imager for the VLTI
D. Defrère, M. Ireland, O. Absil +25
Hi-5 is a high-contrast (or high dynamic range) infrared imager project for the VLTI. Its main goal is to characterize young extra-solar planetary systems and exozodiacal dust arou…
A two-band approach to n phase error corrections with LBTI's PHASECam
E. R. Maier, P. M. Hinz, D. Defrère +2
PHASECam is the Large Binocular Telescope Interferometer's (LBTI) phase sensor, a near-infrared camera which is used to measure tip/tilt and phase variations between the two AO-cor…
Towards controlled Fizeau observations with the Large Binocular Telescope
Eckhart Spalding, Phil Hinz, Steve Ertel +2
The Large Binocular Telescope Interferometer (LBTI) can perform Fizeau interferometry in the focal plane, which accesses spatial information out to the LBT's full 22.7-m edge-to-ed…