8 papers
Natural-Language Workflows Are Not Software Yet: Artifact-Driven Compilation for Reliable Agent Execution
Xiangzhe Xu, Hanxi Guo, Guangyu Shen +2
Natural-language workflows offer a software-like interface for agents: domain experts can write reusable procedures, and agents can execute them as instructions. This promise is no…
Trojans in Artificial Intelligence (TrojAI) Final Report
Kristopher W. Reese, Taylor Kulp-McDowall, Michael Majurski +68
The Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity (IARPA) launched the TrojAI program to confront an emerging vulnerability in modern artificial intelligence: the threat of AI T…
From Poisoned to Aware: Fostering Backdoor Self-Awareness in LLMs
Guangyu Shen, Siyuan Cheng, Xiangzhe Xu +4
Large Language Models (LLMs) can acquire deceptive behaviors through backdoor attacks, where the model executes prohibited actions whenever secret triggers appear in the input. Exi…
ASTRA: Autonomous Spatial-Temporal Red-teaming for AI Software Assistants
Xiangzhe Xu, Guangyu Shen, Zian Su +9
AI coding assistants like GitHub Copilot are rapidly transforming software development, but their safety remains deeply uncertain-especially in high-stakes domains like cybersecuri…
MGC: A Compiler Framework Exploiting Compositional Blindness in Aligned LLMs for Malware Generation
Lu Yan, Zhuo Zhang, Xiangzhe Xu +5
Large language models (LLMs) have democratized software development, reducing the expertise barrier for programming complex applications. This accessibility extends to malicious so…
AuthGuard: Generalizable Deepfake Detection via Language Guidance
Guangyu Shen, Zhihua Li, Xiang Xu +6
Existing deepfake detection techniques struggle to keep-up with the ever-evolving novel, unseen forgeries methods. This limitation stems from their reliance on statistical artifact…