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20242026
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cs.LG2026

Transformers as Bayesian In-Context Experimenters: Smoothness-Adaptive Efficient ATE Estimation

Jiachun Li, David Simchi-Levi

Adaptive experiments for average treatment effects (ATE) require randomized allocations balancing valid inference with statistical efficiency. The oracle design is a covariate-depe…

cs.LG2026

Optimizing LLM Inference: Fluid-Guided Online Scheduling with Memory Constraints

Ruicheng Ao, Gan Luo, David Simchi-Levi +1

Large language models now serve millions of users daily, with providers incurring costs exceeding $700,000 per day. Each request requires token-by-token inference, making GPU sched…

cs.LG2026

ORLoopBench: Solver-in-the-Loop Benchmarks for Self-Correction and Behavioral Rationality in Operations Research

Ruicheng Ao, David Simchi-Levi, Xinshang Wang

Operations Research practitioners debug infeasible models through an iterative process: inspecting Irreducible Infeasible Subsystems ( IIS), identifying constraint conflicts, and r…

cs.LG2026

Designing Service Systems from Textual Evidence

Ruicheng Ao, Hongyu Chen, Siyang Gao +2

Designing service systems requires selecting among alternative configurations -- choosing the best chatbot variant, the optimal routing policy, or the most effective quality contro…

cs.LG2026

Best Arm Identification with LLM Judges and Limited Human

Ruicheng Ao, Hongyu Chen, Siyang Gao +2

We study fixed-confidence best-arm identification (BAI) where a cheap but potentially biased proxy (e.g., LLM judge) is available for every sample, while an expensive ground-truth…

cs.LG2026

PPI-SVRG: Unifying Prediction-Powered Inference and Variance Reduction for Semi-Supervised Optimization

Ruicheng Ao, Hongyu Chen, Haoyang Liu +2

We study semi-supervised stochastic optimization when labeled data is scarce but predictions from pre-trained models are available. PPI and SVRG both reduce variance through contro…